@preamble{ "\newcommand{\noopsort}[1]{} "
        # "\newcommand{\printfirst}[2]{#1} "
        # "\newcommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1} "
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@string{rrw="R.R. Weber"}
@string{gw="G. Weiss"}
@string{kg="Glazebrook, K.D."}
@string{aap="Adv. Appl. Prob."}
@string{jap="J. Appl. Prob."}
@string{mor="Mathematics of Operations Research"}
@string{ms="Management Science"}
@string{om="Omega"}
@string{or="Operations Research"}
@string{naval="Naval Research Logistics Quarterly"}
@string{peis="Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences"}
@string{auto="IEEE Trans. Auto. Control"}

@article{Ana87,
   author    = {Anantharam, V.},
   title     = {Probabilistic proof of interchangeability of {$/M/1$} queues in
                series},
   journal   = {Queueing Systems, Theory and Application},
   year      = 1987,
   volume    = {{\bf 2}},
   pages     = {387--392}
}


@article{Avi65,
   author    = {Avi-Itzhak, B.},
   title     = {A Sequence of Service Stations with Arbitrary Input and Regular
                Service Times},
   journal   = ms,
   year      = 1965,
   volume    = {{\bf 11}},
   pages     = {565--573}
}


@phdthesis{Box77,
   author    = {Boxma, O.},
   title     = {Analysis of Models for Tandem Queues},
   year      = 1977,
   school    = {University of Utrecht},
   type      = {{Ph.D.} dissertation}
}


@article{Bur56,
   author    = {Burke, P.J.},
   title     = {The Output of a Queueing System},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1956,
   volume    = {{\bf 4}},
   pages     = {699--704}
}


@article{Cha89,
   author    = {Chao, X. and Pinedo, M. and Sigman, K.},
   title     = {On the Interchangeability and Stochastic Ordering of Exponential
                Queues in Tandem with Blocking},
   journal   = peis,
   year      = 1989,
   volume    = {{\bf 3}},
   pages     = {223--236}
}


@article{Cha90b,
   author    = {Chao, X. and Pinedo, M.},
   title     = {Batch Arrivals to a Tandem Queue Without an Intermediate Buffer},
   journal   = {Stochastic Models},
   year      = 1990,
   volume    = {{\bf 6}},
   pages     = {735--748}
}


@article{Cha91d,
   author    = {Chang, C-S. and Chao, X. and Pinedo, M.},
   title     = {Stochastic Convexity for Multi-Dimensional Processes and its
                Applications},
   journal   = {IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control},
   year      = 1991
}


@article{Cha92b,
   author    = {Chao, X. and Pinedo, M.},
   title     = {On the Reversibility of Tandem Queues with Blocking},
   journal   = { },
   year      = 1992 
}


@article{Din91,
   author    = {Ding, J. and Greenberg, B.S.},
   title     = {Bowl shapes are better with buffers --- sometimes.},
   journal   = peis ,
   year      = 1991
}


@article{Din91b,
   author    = {Ding, J. and Greenberg, B.S.},
   title     = {Optimal order for servers in series with no queue capacity},
   journal   = peis,
   year      = 1991,
   volume    = {{\bf 5}},
   pages     = {449--462}
}


@article{Fol84,
   author    = {Foley, R.D. and Suresh, S.},
   title     = {Stochastically Minimizing the Makespan in Flowshops},
   journal   = naval,
   year      = 1984,
   volume    = {{\bf 31}},
   pages     = {551--557}
}


@article{Fol86,
   author    = {Foley, R.D. and Suresh, S.},
   title     = {Scheduling $n$ Non-Overlapping Jobs and Two Stochastic Jobs in a
                Flow Shop},
   journal   = naval,
   year      = 1986,
   volume    = {{\bf 33}},
   pages     = {123--128}
}


@article{Fri65,
   author    = {Friedman, H.D.},
   title     = {Reduction methods for tandem queueing systems},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1965,
   volume    = {{\bf 13}},
   pages     = {121--131}
}


@article{Gre88,
   author    = {Greenberg, B.S. and Wolff, R.W.},
   title     = {Optimal order of servers for tandem queues in light traffic},
   journal   = ms,
   year      = 1988,
   volume    = {{\bf 34}},
   pages     = {500--508}
}


@article{Hil79,
   author    = {Hillier, F.S. and Boling, R.M.},
   title     = {On the optimal allocation of work in symmetric balanced
                production line systems with variable operation times},
   journal   = ms,
   year      = 1979,
   volume    = {{\bf 25}},
   pages     = {721--728}
}


@article{Hor92b,
   author    = {Hordijk, A. and Koole, G.},
   title     = {The $\mu c$-rule is not optimal in the second node of the tandem
                queue: a counterexample},
   journal   = aap,
   year      = 1992,
   volume    = {{\bf 24}},
   pages     = {234--237}
}


@article{Hua90,
   author    = {Huang, C.C. and Weiss, G.},
   title     = {On the Optimal Order of $M$ Machines in Tandem},
   journal   = {Operations Research Letters},
   year      = 1990,
   volume    = {{\bf 9}},
   pages     = {299--303}
}


@article{Kij89,
   author    = {Kijima, M. and Makimoto, N. and Shirakawa, H.},
   title     = {Stochastic Minimization of the Makespan in Flow Shops with
                Identical Machines and Buffers of Arbitrary Size},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1989,
   volume    = {{\bf 38}},
   pages     = {924--928}
}


@article{Kij90,
   author    = {Kijima, M. and Makimoto, N.},
   title     = {On interchangeability for exponential single-server queues in
                tandem},
   journal   = jap,
   year      = 1990,
   volume    = {{\bf 27}},
   pages     = {459--464}
}


@article{Leh86,
   author    = {Lehtonen, T.},
   title     = {On the Ordering of Tandem Queues with Exponential Servers},
   journal   = jap,
   year      = 1986,
   volume    = {{\bf 23}},
   pages     = {115--129}
}


@article{Mut79,
   author    = {Muth, E.J.},
   title     = {The Reversibility Property of Production Lines},
   journal   = ms,
   year      = 1979,
   volume    = {{\bf 25}},
   pages     = {152--158}
}


@article{Mut84,
   author    = {Muth, E.J.},
   title     = {Stochastic Processes and Their Network Representations Associated
                with a Production Line Queueing Model},
   journal   = {European J. Operations Research},
   year      = 1984,
   volume    = {{\bf 15}},
   pages     = {63--83}
}


@inproceedings{Pin82f,
   author    = {Pinedo, M.},
   title     = {On the optimal order of stations in tandem queues},
   booktitle = {Applied Probability - Computer Science: The Interface},
   year      = 1982,
   editor    = {R. Disney and T. Ott},
   publisher = {Birkhauser, Boston, MA},
   pages     = {307--326}
}


@article{Pin82g,
   author    = {Pinedo, M. and Wolff, R.W.},
   title     = {A Comparision Between Tandem Queues with Dependent and
                Independent Service Times in Tandem Queues},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1982,
   volume    = {{\bf 30}},
   pages     = {464--489}
}


@article{Pin91,
   author    = {McCormick, S.T. and Pinedo, M. and Shenker, S. and Wolf, B.},
   title     = {On the Transient Behaviour of an Assembly Line with Blocking},
   journal   = {International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems},
   year      = 1991
}


@article{Pin92,
   author    = {Pinedo, M. and Shaw, D. and Chao, X.},
   title     = {On optimal permutation scheduling in stochastic proportionate
                flowshops},
   journal   = peis,
   year      = 1992,
   volume    = {{\bf 6}},
   pages     = {513--524}
}


@unpublished{Sha89,
   author    = {Shanthikumar, J.G. and Yamazaki, G. and Sakasegawa, H.},
   title     = {Characterization of Optimal Order of Servers in a Tandem Queue
                with Blocking},
   year      = 1989 
}


@article{Tem74,
   author    = {Tembe, S.V. and Wolff, R.W.},
   title     = {The optimal order of service in tandem queues},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1974,
   volume    = {{\bf 30}},
   pages     = {148--162}
}


@article{Tso87,
   author    = {Tsoucas, P. and Walrand, J.},
   title     = {On the interchangeability and stochastic ordering of {$/M/1$}
                queues in tandem},
   journal   = aap,
   year      = 1987,
   volume    = {{\bf 16}},
   pages     = {515--520}
}


@article{Web79,
   author    = rrw,
   title     = {The interchangeability of {$\cdot /M/1$} queues in series},
   journal   = jap,
   year      = 1979,
   volume    = {{\bf 16}},
   pages     = {690--695}
}


@unpublished{Web91c,
   author    = rrw # {and Weiss, G.},
   title     = {The Cafeteria Process --- Tandem Queues with 0 -- 1 Dependent
                Service Times and the Bowl Shape Phenomenon},
   year      = 1991,
   note      = {submitted for publication}
}


@article{Web92,
   author    = rrw # {and Weiss, G.},
   title     = {Tandem queues with 0--1 service times},
   journal   = {in preparation},
   year      = 1992
}


@article{Web92a,
   author    = rrw,
   title     = {The interchangeability of tandem queues with heterogeneous
                customers and dependent service times},
   journal   = jap # {{\rm (to appear)}},
   year      = 1992,
   pages     = {to appear}
}


@article{Web94,
   author    = {Weber, R.R. and Weiss, G.},
   title     = {The Cafeteria Process -- Tandem queues with $0$--$1$ Service
                Times and the Bowl Shape Phenomenon},
   journal   = {Operations Research},
   year      = 1994
}


@article{Whi85,
   author    = {Whitt, W.},
   title     = {The Best Order for Queues in Series},
   journal   = ms,
   year      = 1985,
   volume    = {{\bf 31}},
   pages     = {475--487}
}


@article{Wie86,
   author    = {Wie, S.H. and Pinedo, M.L.},
   title     = {On the Minimization of Expected Makespan and Flowtime in
                Stochastic Flowshops with Blocking},
   journal   = mor,
   year      = 1986,
   volume    = {{\bf 11}},
   pages     = {336--342}
}


@article{Wol82,
   author    = {Wolff, R.W.},
   title     = {Tandem Queues with dependent Service Times in Light Traffic},
   journal   = or,
   year      = 1982,
   volume    = {{\bf 30}},
   pages     = {601--618}
}