Linear Analysis (Michaelmas 2017)

Time and Location: M-W-F, 9-10am; room MR3

Linear Analysis is an introductory Functional Analysis course, in Part II of the Cambridge Tripos.

Syllabus

Lecture Notes

Example Sheets

The example sheets will be posted here during the course of the term.

Tentative list of lectures

  1. Normed and topological vector spaces. Definitions and basic properties. Topological vector spaces are normed iff locally convex and locally bounded.
  2. Examples of normed and topological vector spaces. Equivalence of continuity and boundedness of linear maps on locally bounded spaces.
  3. The Banach space of bounded linear maps. The dual and double dual. Examples.
  4. Equivalence of norms on finite dimensional space; consequences. A normed space is finite dimensional iff its closed unit ball is compact. Statement of Hahn-Banach Theorem.
  5. Proof of Hahn-Banach Theorem. Posets and Zorn's Lemma. Existence of bases.
  6. Richness of the dual space. Baire Category Theorem.
  7. Principle of uniform boundedness, Banach-Steinhaus Theorem. Open mapping theorem.
  8. Conclusion of proof of open mapping theorem. Examples. Closed graph theorem. Normal topological spaces.
  9. Urysohn-Tietze Extension Theorem.
  10. Compactness in metric spaces. Arzelà-Ascoli theorem.
  11. Application of the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem: Peano's Existence Theorem.
  12. Babylonian method to compute square roots. Stone-Weierstrass Theorem.
  13. Proof of Stone-Weierstrass Theorem.
  14. Application of Stone-Weierstrass Theorem. Example to motivate weak topologies.
  15. Banach-Alaoglu Theorem.
  16. Application of Banach-Alaoglu Theorem: invariant measures for dynamical systems on compact metric spaces. Definition of Euclidean vector spaces and Hilbert spaces.
  17. Examples of Euclidean vector spaces and Hilbert spaces. Orthogonality.
  18. Riesz representation theorem. Orthogonal projections.
  19. Orthonormal systems and isomorphism between separable Hilbert spaces and l2. Definition of spectrum and resolvent.
  20. Properties of spectrum and resolvent. Point spectrum, continuous spectrum, residual spectrum.
  21. Spectrum of normal linear operators on a Hilbert space.
  22. Spectral decomposition for compact self-adjoint operators.
  23. Application of spectral theorem to boundary value problem.
  24. Continuous functional calculus for bounded self-adjoint operators.

References

There are many classic textbooks on the subject. They can usually be found under the name Functional Analysis. However, I will mostly follow the following references used in previous years: