Quick Reference List Of Unix Commands

General Commands

• passwd - change your password
• exit, logout - log out
• man - display Unix manual pages

File Handling

• emacs, pico, vi - editors
• cat > file - type in a file
• cat file - display a file
• more, less - display file a page at a time

• ls - list files
• rm - delete files
• mv - rename files
• cp - copy files

• cd - change directory
• pwd - show current directory
• mkdir - create directory
• rmdir - remove empty directory

• chmod - change access permissions on existing files
• umask - change default access permissions for new files

Printing

• lpr - print file
• lpq - list print jobs
• lprm - cancel print jobs

Email, WWW And Networking

• pine, mutt - read and send email
• firefox - browse the World Wide Web
• lynx - browse the World Wide Web (text only)
• ssh - connect from one machine to another securely (recommended)
• telnet, rlogin - less secure ways to connect between machines (not recommended)
• scp, ftp - transfer files between machines

Software

• tex, latex - compile a TeX or Latex file
• xdvi - view a DVI file
• dvips - convert a DVI file to Postscript
• gv - view a Postscript file
• R
• mathematica, math

Process Management

• ps - list processes
• top - list all processes, starting with those taking the most CPU time
• command & - run command in the background
• nice command & - run command in the background at a reduced priority
• kill - kill a process