SSH (Secure Shell)

Why I advise you to use ssh

If you use telnet or rlogin, everything you type including your password is transmitted in clear over the network, so a malicious cracker could use a packet sniffer to collect passwords. This is why the CMS firewall blocks any attempt to telnet or rlogin from the outside world, and why the new computers don't accept telnet or rlogin connections at all. If you use ssh, everything that is transmitted over the network is encrypted, which is much more secure.

Also, ssh is much more convenient if you are using X Windows. It handles X forwarding automatically, which means that if you ssh from machine A to machine B, your session on machine B will automatically be able to pop up windows on machine A's display. If you were to use telnet or rlogin, you would first have to set the DISPLAY environment variable on machine B to the right thing. Then if machine B was not within the Statslab, you would either have to fiddle around with the xauth command, or use xhost, which would allow anyone on machine B to access your display on machine A.

How to use ssh on an Unix system including Macs

The syntax of the ssh command is ``ssh username@machine.name'', replacing ``username'' with your username on the remote machine and ``machine.name'' with the name of the remote machine. If your username is the same on both machines, you can abbreviate the command to ``ssh machine.name''. For example, to ssh from sirtommy to zodiac I would type ``ssh zodiac'', but because my username is ``eva'' for my Statslab account and ``erm1001'' for my Hermes account, if I wanted to ssh to Hermes I would type ``ssh erm1001@hermes''.

The message ``Warning: host key not found from the list of known hosts. Are you sure you want to continue connecting?'' will appear the first time you connect to a particular machine. Answer yes (you must type the word ``yes'' in full here, not just ``y'') and you won't be asked the question again when sshing to the same machine.

The message ``Secure connection to machine.name refused; reverting to insecure method'' means that the remote machine does not have ssh installed. This will not happen with any Statslab machine. If it happens with a machine outside the Statslab, you could ask the administrator of that machine to install ssh.

How to use ssh under Windows

PuTTY is the ssh client which we have installed on our Windows machines. You can download it from the PuTTY download page. To use PuTTY, first go to the Colours tab and change the default foreground to black and the default background to white (or any other combination you like - I find the default colour combination ugly and difficult to read). Then go to the Connection tab, select the ssh button and type in the name of the machine you want to connect to, and click Open to connect. To save your settings for connections to a particular machine, type a name into the Session Name box and click Save. Then when you want to connect to the same machine again, all you need to do is click on your session name and then Load before clicking Open.